MY1016Z 12V 250W 330RPM Geared DC Motor - High Torque for Robotics & DIY EV

Specifications

• Model: MY1016Z (12V Version)

• Motor Type: Brushed Permanent Magnet DC (PMDC)

• Operating Voltage: 12V DC

• Rated Output Power: 250W

• Rated Speed (After Gearbox): 330 RPM

• Base Motor Speed: 3300 RPM

• Rated Torque: ~80 kg-cm (approx. 8.0 N.m)

• Full Load Current: ≤ 24A

• No Load Current: ≤ 2.2A

• Gear Ratio: 9.78:1

• Sprocket: 9-Tooth (Compatible with #410 Bicycle Chain)

• Weight: 2.4 kg

Key Applications & Projects

• Combat Robotics: Ideal drive motor for Middleweight (hobby) class bots where 12V systems are preferred for simplicity.

• Electric Utility Carts: Perfect for motorized wheelbarrows, warehouse dollies, or pesticide sprayers.

• Agri-Robotics: High torque allows for moving heavy soil sensors or harvesting arms through rough terrain.

• DIY Electric Vehicles: Suitable for kids' electric go-karts, trikes, or customized scooters.

Unlock New Capabilities (Project Evolution)

• Prerequisite: If you have mastered standard Johnson/555 motors, you know they lack the torque for carrying payloads over 5kg.

• The Upgrade: This MY1016Z unlocks the ability to build human-carrying vehicles or robots with payloads up to 50-80kg (depending on wheel size/gearing).

• Effort Level: Intermediate. Requires robust mounting (metal chassis recommended) and high-current motor drivers.

Virtual Technician: Wiring & Safety Guide ⚠️

• Driver Requirement: Do NOT use L298N or TB6600 drivers. This motor pulls up to 24A. You must use a driver rated for at least 30A Continuous / 50A Peak (e.g., BTS7960 or specialized 40A DC drivers).

• Power Source: Use a high-discharge 12V Lead-Acid Battery (min 12Ah) or a 3S LiPo (min 5000mAh, 30C+). Standard AA packs or 9V batteries will not work.

• Wiring:

  • Thick Red Wire: Motor Positive (+)

  • Thick Black Wire: Motor Negative (-)

  • Note: Reverse polarity to reverse rotation direction.

Accessories

• Included: 9-Tooth Sprocket (Pre-mounted).

• Required (Sold Separately):

  • High-Current Motor Driver (30A+)

  • #410 Chain & mating wheel sprockets

  • 12V High-Capacity Battery

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• Can I run this 12V motor on a 24V battery?
  No, running a 12V motor at 24V will cause extreme overheating and likely burn the windings instantly.
• What is the maximum weight this motor can pull?
  On a flat surface with 4-inch wheels, two of these motors can move a robot/vehicle weighing 80-100kg.
• Does this motor have a cooling fan?
  Yes, it has an internal fan. Ensure the rear vents are not blocked during mounting.
• Can I use a PWM speed controller?
  Yes, a 12V 40A PWM speed controller is the standard way to control the speed of this motor.
• Is the gearbox metal or plastic?
  The gearbox is fully metal, designed to withstand high torque and shock loads.
• What is the shaft diameter?
  The output shaft is typically 11mm with a D-cut or double-D cut, fitted with the sprocket.
• Can I remove the sprocket?
  Yes, the sprocket is held by a circlip or nut and can be removed to attach custom pulleys or gears.
• Is this motor waterproof?
  No, it is IP33 rated (splash resistant) but not waterproof. Do not submerge.
• How do I mount this motor?
  It features a standard 4-bolt mounting baseplate.
• What chain fits this motor?
  It uses a standard #410 bicycle chain (1/2" x 1/8").
• Why is my motor getting hot?
  If the load exceeds the rated torque or voltage is too low, the motor draws excess current. Check your gear ratio.
  Probots™ Logic-Safe ????️: Always use a fuse (30A) in series with your battery to prevent fire hazards.
• Can this be used as a generator?
  Yes, as a PMDC motor, spinning the shaft will generate DC voltage, but efficiency is lower than dedicated generators.
• What is the stall torque?
  The stall torque is approximately 3x the rated torque (~24 N.m), but stalling it for more than a few seconds will damage the brushes.
• Does it support regenerative braking?
  The motor supports it physically, but your controller must be specifically designed for regenerative braking.
• How loud is this motor?
  It produces a moderate "whirring" noise due to the brushed design and metal gears.
• Can I use an Arduino to control it?
  Not directly. Arduino pins provide 5V/20mA. You need a high-power motor driver (like BTS7960) interfaced with Arduino.
• What is the duty cycle rating?
  S2 (Short-time duty). Continuous operation at full load may require external cooling.
• Do the brushes need replacement?
  These are long-life industrial brushes. For hobby use, they rarely need replacement.
• Can I use a 12V SMPS to power it?
  Only if the SMPS can handle the surge current (start-up current), which can be 40A+. Batteries are preferred.
• Is this suitable for a self-balancing robot?
  Yes, but it has some backlash (play) in the gears, which might make tuning the PID loop slightly challenging for precision balancing.